The bench
Attach a scope, run the firmware, read the bus.
Instruments clip onto the circuit you drew, and microcontroller firmware runs against it. Below are six labs exactly as they run in the app; each lists what it shows and its limits.
RC low-pass filter
1.413 Vpp at 1 kHz; Bode plot −3 dB at 998.7 Hz
Limit: Ideal resistor, capacitor and source.
555 clock + JK divider
Digital scope: clock and divided outputs
Limit: The 555 is a behavioural digital model (logic levels only).
LM358 window comparator
Two multimeters: 3.497 V / 3.497 V
Limit: Idealised op-amp model.
ATmega328P LED scanner
Logic analyser: six one-hot channels stepping
Limit: Supplied starter firmware.
PIC16F887 I²C read
Decoded: 0x48 WRITE ACK, 0x00, 0x48 READ ACK, 0x19
Limit: The I²C sensor is a modeled register device.
RP2040 SPI transfer
Decoded: MOSI 0xA5 / MISO 0x5A, CS framed
Limit: Supplied starter firmware; narrow RP2040 path.
What is on the bench
Instruments and analyses
- Oscilloscope
- Two channels, triggers, cursors and automatic measurements (Vpp, RMS, frequency).
- Multimeters
- Voltage, current and resistance on any net, as many meters as you need.
- Logic analyser
- Many channels with protocol decoding.
- Bus decoders
- I²C, SPI and UART frames decoded from the signals your firmware drives.
- Signal sources
- Function generator and supplies wired into the circuit like real parts.
- Analyses
- Transient, AC with Bode plots, DC sweep and operating point.
Simulation is software only: models are idealised where noted, and firmware support covers AVR, PIC16 and a supported RP2040 path, not every chip or peripheral.